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Abstract Number: 1172

Cardiovascular involvement as a clue for diagnosis of Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis sine scleroderma

Gloria Lanzoni1, Giorgia Martini1, Alessandra Meneghel1, Fabio Vittadello2, Biagio Castaldi1, Elisabetta Zanatta3 and Francesco Zulian1, 1Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University of Padova, Padua, Italy, 2Centro Studi Statistici Explora, Padua, Italy, 3Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy

Meeting: ACR Convergence 2020

Keywords: Clinical practice guidelines, Diagnostic criteria, Pediatric rheumatology, Scleroderma, Systemic, skin

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Session Information

Date: Sunday, November 8, 2020

Session Title: Pediatric Rheumatology – Clinical Poster II: Systemic JIA, Autoinflammatory, & Scleroderma

Session Type: Poster Session C

Session Time: 9:00AM-11:00AM

Background/Purpose: Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis (JSSc) is a rare condition in childhood and its variety with no skin involvement, systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma (JSSSS) is anecdotal as only two cases have been reported to date1,2. We describe a series of four patients from our Center and compare these six patients with a cohort of patients with standard JSSc.

Methods: Unselected consecutive patients with Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis (JSSc), diagnosed according with the PRES/EULAR/ACR criteria3 were retrospectively evaluated. For every patient, we collected demographic, clinical and laboratory data, autoantibody profile and treatment. The following clinical-instrumental parameters were considered: skin involvement by the mRodnan Skin Score, Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP), chest x-ray, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), forced vital capacity (FVC), musculoskeletal involvement, esophageal scintiscan or 24-hour pH-metry, and malabsorption test. Cardiac investigations included at rest electrocardiography (EKG), cEcho and cMRI. Patients without skin involvement at onset were compared with those with standard JSSc. The association between categorical variables has been investigated with Fisher’s exact test. Student T test or Mann Whitnet U test was used to compare numerical variables between the two groups, as appropriate.

Results: Among 47 patients with JSSc, 4 (8.5%) presented with systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma (JSSSS). The clinical features of these four patients and of other two, reported in the literature1,2, were compared with a group of 30 JSSc patients with complete clinical data available. All JSSSS patients, 3 male and 3 female, had cardiovascular involvement as presenting feature, 3 primary myocarditis, 3 secondary to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and two (33.3%) died after a brief disease course. ANA was positive in all except one reported in 19932. Scleroderma specific antibodies were present in Patient 4/5 tested patients (2 anti-topoisomerase, 1 anti-centromere, 1 anti-RNA polymerase I and III). Altered EKG and cMRI were present in all tested patients; cEcho parameter ejection fraction (EF) was reduced in 4/6 patients.  The comparison between the two cohort of patients, JSSSS and JSSc, revealed a significant higher cardiac involvement in JSSSS (100% vs 16.7%, p< 0.0001), higher prevalence of EKG, cEcho and MRI abnormalities (p< 0.001). All the other clinical and laboratory parameters, including age at onset, sex and delay in diagnosis, were not significantly different in the two groups.

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case series of patients JSSSS. Cardiovascular involvement represents the most important clinical feature of this subtype and still carries a very high morbidity and mortality rate4. Our experience, although in a small cohort, confirms the crucial role of complete rheumatologic work-up in pediatric patients with isolated myocardiopathy or PAH.


Disclosure: G. Lanzoni, None; G. Martini, None; A. Meneghel, None; F. Vittadello, None; B. Castaldi, None; E. Zanatta, None; F. Zulian, None.

To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Lanzoni G, Martini G, Meneghel A, Vittadello F, Castaldi B, Zanatta E, Zulian F. Cardiovascular involvement as a clue for diagnosis of Juvenile Systemic Sclerosis sine scleroderma [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020; 72 (suppl 10). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/cardiovascular-involvement-as-a-clue-for-diagnosis-of-juvenile-systemic-sclerosis-sine-scleroderma/. Accessed July 4, 2022.
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ACR Pediatric Rheumatology Symposium 2020

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