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Abstract Number: 1263

Treatment of Pediatric Lupus Is Associated with Significant Re-Organization of B Cell Chromatin

Joyce Hui-Yuen1, Kaiyu Jiang2, Susan Malkiel3, Betty Diamond3 and James Jarvis4, 1North Shore LIJ Health System, Great Neck, NY, 2University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 3Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, 4University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine, Buffalo, NY

Meeting: ACR Convergence 2021

Keywords: Epigenetics, lupus treatment, Pediatric rheumatology, Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

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Session Information

Date: Monday, November 8, 2021

Session Title: SLE – Diagnosis, Manifestations, & Outcomes Poster III: Outcomes (1257–1303)

Session Type: Poster Session C

Session Time: 8:30AM-10:30AM

Background/Purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be triggered by gene-environment interactions. Data remain scarce on how epigenetic variance contributes to disease risk in pediatric SLE (pSLE). Our objectives were to identify differences in chromatin architecture in treatment-naïve pSLE compared to healthy children (HC) and pSLE patients after induction therapy.

Methods: We used assays for transposase-accessible chromatin-sequencing (ATACseq) in 8 pSLE patients pre- and post-induction therapy and 5 HC to investigate whether regions of open chromatin unique to pSLE patients demonstrate enrichment for transcriptional regulators, using standard computational approaches and a false discovery rate of < 0.05.

Results: The mean age of onset was 13.75 (range 7-17) years in pSLE, and mean SLEDAI was 12.8 (range 6-24). We identified 245 differentially accessible regions (DAR) around peaks unique to treatment-naïve pSLE patients, of which over 50% appear to be more accessible in pSLE than HC, and are located more than 100kb from the nearest transcription start site (nTSS), implying transcription factors (TF) may be acting on distal enhancers to regulate transcription. pSLE DAR were enriched for enhancer marks. In DAR encompassing TF binding sites, pSLE samples, but not HC, were enriched for disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified in lupus genome-wide association studies. Variant calling within DAR found 3864 genes belonging to 129 different biologic processes, including cellular activation in immune response and responses to external stimuli. In contrast, over 80% of peaks unique to pSLE patients post-induction therapy are located distal to nTSS. Induction therapy for pSLE patients included corticosteroids in all patients, cyclophosphamide in 5, and mycophenolate in 3. DAR from pSLE patients post-induction therapy were not enriched for enhancers or disease-associated SNPs.

Conclusion: We demonstrate an epigenetically-distinct profile in pSLE B cells when compared to HC, indicating pSLE B cells are predisposed for disease development. Pathways of significance analyses identified immunologic pathways important in the pro-inflammatory response in treatment-naïve pSLE patients. These pathways were absent in analyses from the same pSLE patients post-induction therapy. Thus, increased chromatin accessibility in genomic regions controlling activation of inflammatory and immune responses suggest transcriptional dysregulation of key players in immune cell activation plays an important role in pathogenesis of SLE. Treatment with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive medication changes this epigenetic profile, making pathways responsible for inflammation and B cell activation less accessible.


Disclosures: J. Hui-Yuen, None; K. Jiang, None; S. Malkiel, None; B. Diamond, ISD, 2, nextcure, 2, J5J, 2, astlia, 2, dbv, 2, cyxone, 2; J. Jarvis, None.

To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Hui-Yuen J, Jiang K, Malkiel S, Diamond B, Jarvis J. Treatment of Pediatric Lupus Is Associated with Significant Re-Organization of B Cell Chromatin [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021; 73 (suppl 9). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/treatment-of-pediatric-lupus-is-associated-with-significant-re-organization-of-b-cell-chromatin/. Accessed January 30, 2023.
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