Session Information
Session Title: Rheumatoid Arthritis - Clinical Aspects II: Identifying Rheumatoid Arthritis in At-Risk Populations
Session Type: Abstract Submissions (ACR)
Background/Purpose: To describe disease course of patients without rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein auto-antibodies (ACPA) in an inception cohort of early arthritis patients. To determine baseline predictors of development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria at 3 years in these patients.
Methods: Patients presenting with synovitis of at least 2 joints for 6 weeks to 6 months were included in the multicenter French ESPOIR cohort. Following data were collected at baseline for those who were negative for IgM RF and ACPA (anti-CCP2): clinical and biological features of arthritis, HLA-DRB1* typing, socio economic factors, comorbidities, radiographs of hands, wrists, and feet (modified Sharp score). RA was defined according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria (1) at any visit during the first 3 years of follow-up or by typical RA erosion (2). Alternative diagnoses were reported among patients who did not fulfill ACR/EULAR criteria. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between RA diagnosis at 3 years and baseline variables.
Results: Of the 813 recruited patients, 406 (49.9%) were negative for both RF and anti-CCP2. They had the following characteristics: age 49±13 years, females 77%, mean disease duration: 102+/-50 days, median morning stiffness: 45mn [IQR 15 – 90], median pain at rest: 34/100 [IQR 12 – 58], median tender joint count (TJC) 6 [IQR 3 – 13], DAS28 4.95±1.3, HAQ score 0.93±0.68, CRP 18.6±34.2 mg/l. 70 (19.3%) patients had typical RA erosions on X-ray; 57 (14.1%) had antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and 39 (9.6%) were RF-IgA positive. 246/387 patients (63.6%) fulfilled ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA at baseline and 269/374 (71.9%) at 3 years. In this seronegative cohort, diagnosis of RA at 3 years was associated with the following initial factors: symmetric involvement (OR=3 [1.41; 6.39], p=0.004), morning stiffness (>median: 45 min) (OR=2.48 [1.34; 4.57], p=0.004), pain at rest on a VAS (>median: 34/100) (OR=2.14 [1.14; 4.01], p=0.017), number of tender joints (>median: 6) (OR=3.51 [1.78; 6.92], p<0.001) and presence of feet erosions (OR=2.96 [1.19; 7.40], p=0.020). Presence of ANA (OR=0.38 [0.17; 0.87], p=0.021), transaminases elevation (OR=0.52 [0.28; 0.94], p=0.032) and living in the south of France (OR=0.45 [0.22; 0.90], p=0.024) had a protective effect against progression to RA. No association between extra-articular manifestations, HLA-DR3 and “seronegative RA” was observed. Among the 105 patients who did not fulfill ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA at 3 years, 44 had another definite diagnosis: psoriatic arthritis (n=10), spondyloarthritis (n=7), erosive hand osteoarthritis (n=5), connective tissue disease and vasculitis (n=8), polymyalgia rheumatica or RS3PE syndrome (n=3).
Conclusion: Patients with early arthritis and without RF and ACPA are more prone to have RA at 3 years if they have inflammatory pain, symmetric involvement of numerous joints and typical feet erosions. Detection of ANA and transaminases elevation should suggest non RA diagnosis.
Disclosure:
G. Mouterde,
None;
C. Lukas,
None;
N. Rincheval,
None;
A. Saraux,
Roche Pharmaceuticals,
2,
Roche Pharmaceuticals,
5;
P. Dieude,
Roche, Pfizer, BMS,
2,
Roche, Pfizer, BMS,
5;
B. Combe,
None.
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ACR Meeting Abstracts - https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/how-to-predict-that-early-arthritis-without-rheumatoid-factor-and-acpa-becomes-rheumatoid-arthritis-according-to-acreular-2010-after-a-3-years-follow-up-results-from-the-espoir-cohort/