Abstracts tagged "proteomics"

Abstract Number: 0112 • ACR Convergence 2025
Proteome-wide Mendelian Randomization Identifies Therapeutic Targets in Psoriatic Arthritis
Quan Li¹ and Proton Rahman², ¹University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, ²Division of Rheumatology, Craig L. Dobbin Genetics Research Centre, Discipline of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
Background/Purpose: While numerous proteins have been linked to psoriatic arthritis (PsA), the causal nature of these associations remains unconfirmed. This study aims to employ a…
Abstract Number: 1514 • ACR Convergence 2025
Serum Antigenome Profiling Reveals Diagnostic Models for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Yan Wang¹, Lulu Cao², Mengze Xu³, Jian Lu³, Jing He¹, Fanlei Hu⁴ and Zhanguo Li⁵, ¹Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing, China (People's Republic), ²Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing, ³State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China., Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic), ⁴Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China (People's Republic), ⁵Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)
Background/Purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) exhibits profound clinical and pathogenic heterogeneity, complicating diagnosis and treatment. Identifying subtype-specific biomarkers might intrinsically link to organ involvement.Methods: Patients…
Abstract Number: 0094 • ACR Convergence 2025
Distinct immune-molecular signatures modulated ex vivo by JAK and TNF predict Rheumatoid Arthritis therapy outcomes in patients naïve to biologic and targeted synthetic DMARDs
Sagrario Corrales¹, Laura muñoz-Barrera¹, Rafaela Ortega-Castro², Elena Moreno-Caño³, Jerusalén Calvo⁴, Concepción Aranda-Valera⁴, Lourdes Ladehesa⁵, Pilar Font⁶, Ismael Sanchez-Pareja¹, M Carmen Abalos-Aguilera⁷, Desiree Ruiz-Vilchez⁸, Christian Merlo⁹, MARIA ANGELES AGUIRRE ZAMORANO¹, Tomás Cerdó¹, Nuria Barbarroja¹⁰, Marta Alarcon-Riquelme¹¹, Alejandro Escudero Contreras⁴, Carlos Pérez Sánchez¹² and Chary López pedrera¹³, ¹Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ²Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Andalucia, Spain, ³IMIBIC-Reina Sofia Hospital-University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ⁴IMIBIC / Reina Sofia Hospital / University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain, ⁵IMIBIC-Reina Sofia Hospital-University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ⁶Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, SpainBiomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ⁷Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ⁸Department of Rheumatology, Reina Sofía University Hospital / Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC) / Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ⁹Rheumatology Service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Cordoba/ Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ¹⁰Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain/CobiomicBioscience S.l, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ¹¹Fundación Progreso y Salud, Andalusian Government, Granada, Spain, ¹²Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain/ CobiomicBioscience S.l, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ¹³Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain
Background/Purpose: Despite advances in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, 20–40% of patients do not respond to biologic or targeted synthetic DMARDs (b/tsDMARDs). Understanding each drug’s molecular…
Abstract Number: 1515 • ACR Convergence 2025
Machine Learning–Defined Subtypes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Identify Distinct Immunologic and Molecular Signatures
Yuke Hou¹, Bo Wei², Jingyuan Liang³, Yujia Zhai⁴, Yan Wang⁵, Haihong Yao¹ and Zhanguo Li⁶, ¹Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic), ²Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China (People's Republic), ³North China University Of Science And Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, Tianjin, China (People's Republic), ⁴Bayannur City Hospital, Bayannur, Nei Mongol, China (People's Republic), ⁵Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing, China (People's Republic), ⁶Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)
Background/Purpose: To refine clinical subtypes of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using unsupervised machine learning, and to elucidate the molecular basis of disease heterogeneity through integrated…
Abstract Number: 0087 • ACR Convergence 2025
Integrative Metabolomic and Inflammatory Profiling in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Disease activity, therapeutic modulation, and underlying hepatic mechanisms
Laura muñoz-Barrera¹, Carlos Pérez Sánchez², Rafaela Ortega-Castro³, Sagrario Corrales¹, Tomás Cerdó¹, Ismael Sanchez-Pareja¹, Pilar Font⁴, Jerusalen Calvo Gutierrez⁵, M Carmen Abalos-Aguilera⁶, Desiree Ruiz-Vilchez⁷, Pedro Seguí-Azpilcueta⁸, Christian Merlo-Ruiz⁶, Jose Javier Pérez Venegas⁹, DOLORES RUIZ MONTESINOS¹⁰, Carmen Maria Romero Barco¹¹, Antonio Fernández-Nebro¹², Natalia Mena Vázquez¹³, FRANCISCO JAVIER GODOY NAVARRETE¹⁴, ALBA MARIA CABEZAS LUCENA¹⁵, MARIA ANGELES AGUIRRE ZAMORANO¹, Nuria Barbarroja¹⁶, Alejandro Escudero¹⁷ and Chary López pedrera¹⁸, ¹Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ²Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain/ CobiomicBioscience S.l, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ³Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Andalucia, Spain, ⁴Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, SpainBiomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ⁵Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Sevilla, Spain, ⁶Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ⁷Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, ⁸Radiology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, United Kingdom, ⁹Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain, Sevilla, Spain, ¹⁰Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain, Cordoba, ¹¹Virgen de la Victoria Hospital Malaga, Spain, Malaga, Spain, ¹²Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga, Spain, Malaga, Spain, ¹³Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga, Spain, Málaga, Spain, ¹⁴Jaen University Hospital, Spain, Jaen, Spain, ¹⁵Jaen University Hospital, Spain, Jaen, ¹⁶Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain/CobiomicBioscience S.l, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ¹⁷Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Andalucia, Spain, ¹⁸Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain
Background/Purpose: Lipid metabolism plays a key role in immune cell plasticity, influencing activation, differentiation and function. Inflammation alters this metabolism, contributing to disease progression. Extensive…
Abstract Number: 1240 • ACR Convergence 2025
Serum Olink Proteomics Identifies Novel Mediators of Pain in Lupus Nephritis Patients Without Extrarenal Clinical Activity
Sarah Keegan¹, Philip Carlucci², Peter Izmirly³, Erin Carter⁴, Sanchit Sanyal⁵, Brooke Cohen⁶, Jasmine Shwetar⁷, Katie Preisinger⁸, Devyn Zaminski⁶, Kristina Deonaraine⁶, Mala Masson⁹, Andrea Fava¹⁰, Judith James¹¹, Rufei Lu¹¹, Wade DeJager¹², Chaim Putterman¹³, Michael Belmont¹⁴, Richard Furie¹⁵, Maria Dall'Era¹⁶, Diane Kamen¹⁷, Kenneth Kalunian¹⁸, Jennifer Anolik¹⁹, David Wofsy²⁰, Jennifer Barnas²¹, Nir Hacohen²², Robert Clancy²³, Joel Guthridge¹¹, Brad Rovin²⁴, Michelle Petri²⁵, Jill Buyon³ and Kelly Ruggles²⁶, ¹NYU Langone, New York, ²New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, ³NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, ⁴New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, ⁵Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, ⁶NYU Langone, NYC, ⁷New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York, ⁸NYU Langone, NYU Langone, ⁹NYU Langone Medical Center- Division of Rheumatology, New York, NY, ¹⁰Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, ¹¹Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, ¹²Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, ¹³Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Safed, Israel, ¹⁴NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, ¹⁵Division of Rheumatology, Northwell Health, Great Neck, NY, ¹⁶Division of Rheumatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, ¹⁷Medical University of South Carolina, Johns Island, SC, ¹⁸UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, ¹⁹University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, ²⁰University of California San Francisco, SF, CA, ²¹University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, ²²Broad Institute of MIT Harvard, Cambridge, MA, ²³Columbia University, New York, NY, ²⁴The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, ²⁵Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Timonium, MD, ²⁶NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Brooklyn, NY
Background/Purpose: For patients with lupus nephritis, active disease can be solely renal or include a range of extrarenal signs, such as arthritis or serositis, that…
Abstract Number: 0079 • ACR Convergence 2025
Association of Protein Arginine Deiminase 4 with the Myosin-9 Motor Complex
Fatemeh Neela Moadab, Farheen Shaikh, Xiaoxing Wang, cecilia mustelin, Ethan Le, Rayan Najjar, Jie An, Alison Bays and Tomas Mustelin, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
Background/Purpose: Genetic association data, immunohistochemistry, and functional experiments implicate protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This disease is characterized…
Abstract Number: 2694 • ACR Convergence 2025
Effect of Deucravacitinib Treatment on Renal Dysfunction–Associated Plasma Biomarkers From a Phase 2 Study in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Amit Saxena¹, Chun Wu², Brad Rovin³, Zahi Touma⁴, Xueer Chen⁵, Ilias Kouris⁶ and Jinqi Liu⁵, ¹Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, ²Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, ³The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, ⁴University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁵Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, ⁶Bristol Myers Squibb, Boudry, Switzerland
Background/Purpose: Plasma biomarkers may play a role in understanding kidney health in patients with lupus, particularly in terms of early detection of lupus nephritis (LN),…
Abstract Number: 0959 • ACR Convergence 2025
Longitudinal Multiomic Study of Skin, Peripheral Blood, and Serum: Serum Proteome Reflects the Disease Process at the End-organ Level and Predicts the Course of Modified Rodnan Skin Score
Bich Na Choi¹, Claudia Pedroza², Brian Skaug³, Maureen Mayes⁴ and Shervin Assassi⁵, ¹UTHealth Houston Institute for Clinical Research & Learning Health Care, Houston, TX, ²UTHealth Houston Institute for Clinical Research & Learning Health Care, Texas, TX, ³UTHealth Houston Division of Rheumatology, Houston, TX, ⁴UT Health Houston Division of Rheumatology, Houston, TX, ⁵Division of Rheumatology, UTHealth Houston, Houston, Texas, USA, Houston, TX
Background/Purpose: Clinically useful biomarkers for systemic sclerosis (SSc) are needed. While obtaining samples from affected organs like the skin and lungs is invasive and cannot…
Abstract Number: 0076 • ACR Convergence 2025
Antibodies to malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde are associated with circulating inflammatory mediators during the preclinical stages of rheumatoid arthritis
Emma Weis¹, Harlan Sayles¹, Geoffrey Thiele¹, Samir Rachid Zaim², Tony Merriman³, Bryant England¹, Xiaojun Li², LauraKay Moss⁴, Jess Edison⁵, Marie Feser⁴, V. Michael Holers⁶, Kevin Deane⁷, Ted Mikuls¹ and Austin Wheeler¹, ¹University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, ²Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA, ³University of Alabama at Birmingham, Homewood, AL, ⁴University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, ⁵Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences / National Capital Consortium- Walter Reed Bethesda, Bethesda, MD, ⁶University of Colorado, Denver, CO, ⁷University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
Background/Purpose: Circulating concentrations of anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) antibodies distinguish patients with RA and are detectable years prior to arthritis onset. Recent data demonstrate that anti-MAA antibodies…
Abstract Number: 2601 • ACR Convergence 2025
Characterisation of immunometabolic reprogramming at the single cell level in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and preclinical autoimmunity
Antonios Psarras¹, Sinibaldo Arocha², Liezel Tamon², David Ahern², Md Yuzaiful Md Yusof³, Ed Vital⁴ and Alexander Clarke⁵, ¹University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom, ²University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, ³University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, ⁴University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom, ⁵Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Background/Purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by innate immune activation and autoantibodies against nucleic self-antigens. The metabolic state of immune cells is emerging as…
Abstract Number: 0957 • ACR Convergence 2025
Multi-Omic Profiling Reveals a Monocyte-Vascular Signature Associated with the Regression of Skin Fibrosis in SSc
Astrid Hofman¹, Pietro Bearzi², Elena Pachera³, Cosimo Bruni⁴, Lumeng Li², Laura Much⁵, Kristina Bürki¹, Mike Becker⁶, Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold⁷ and Oliver Distler⁸, ¹Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, the LOOP Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ²Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, the LOOP Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland, ³University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ⁴University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ⁵Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ⁶Dept. of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland, ⁷Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ⁸Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland, Zurich, Switzerland
Background/Purpose: Regression of skin fibrosis is a feature of the natural history of dcSSc. The molecular mechanisms underlying this resolution remain unclear. This study aims…
Abstract Number: 0071 • ACR Convergence 2025
Unravelling Transcriptomic Landscapes in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Shared and Unique Molecular Signatures related to relevant clinical features.
Chary López pedrera¹, Tomás Cerdó², Ismael Sanchez-Pareja², Daniel Toro³, MARIA ANGELES AGUIRRE ZAMORANO², Elena Moreno-Caño⁴, Laura muñoz-Barrera², Sagrario Corrales², Rafaela Ortega-Castro⁵, Concepción Aranda-Valera⁶, Lourdes Ladehesa⁷, Jerusalén Calvo⁶, Pilar Font⁸, M Carmen Abalos-Aguilera⁹, Desiree Ruiz-Vilchez¹⁰, Christian Merlo-Ruiz⁹, Nuria Barbarroja¹¹, Carlos Pérez Sánchez¹², Marta Alarcon-Riquelme¹³ and Alejandro Escudero Contreras⁶, ¹Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ²Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ³GENYO / Karolinska Institutet, Granada / Stockholm, Spain, ⁴IMIBIC-Reina Sofia Hospital-University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ⁵Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Andalucia, Spain, ⁶IMIBIC / Reina Sofia Hospital / University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain, ⁷IMIBIC-Reina Sofia Hospital-University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ⁸Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, SpainBiomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ⁹Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain, Córdoba, Spain, ¹⁰Department of Rheumatology, Reina Sofía University Hospital / Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC) / Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Córdoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ¹¹Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain/CobiomicBioscience S.l, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ¹²Rheumatology service/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/ Reina Sofia University Hospital/ University of Cordoba, Spain/ CobiomicBioscience S.l, Cordoba, Spain, Cordoba, Spain, ¹³Fundación Progreso y Salud, Andalusian Government, Granada, Spain
Background/Purpose: This study aimed to identify shared and distinct gene and protein expression profiles associated with clinical features in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus…
Abstract Number: 2509 • ACR Convergence 2025
Predicting future relapse with proteomics in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Evan Barnes¹, Nora Shepherd², Colebrooke Johnson¹, David O'Dea¹, Bohang Jiang³, Emily Hyle², Zachary Williams⁴, Zachary Wallace⁵ and Gary Reynolds⁶, ¹Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, ²Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, ³MGH, Boston, MA, ⁴Massachusetts General Hospital, Nancy, KY, ⁵Massachusetts General Hospital, Newton, MA, ⁶Massachusetts General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
Background/Purpose: Outcomes for ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV) have been transformed in recent years with many patients achieving prolonged periods of remission. Guidelines advise continuing maintenance…
Abstract Number: 0919 • ACR Convergence 2025
Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles from Synovial Fluid of RA and OA Patients Reveals Cell-type-specific subpopulations and Disease Related Patterns
Stefanie Kurth¹, Andre Tiaden¹, Edveena Hanser¹, Simone Häner¹, Stavros Giaglis¹, Florian Geier¹, Dominik Burri¹, Katarzyna Buczak¹, Ute Heider², Stefan Wild², Yves Acklin¹, Christian Egloff¹ and Diego Kyburz³, ¹University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, ²Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany, ³University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Background/Purpose: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by virtually all cells and are known to carry bioactive cargo including proteins, RNA, DNA and metabolites. Analysis of…

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