Abstracts tagged "giant cell arteritis"

Abstract Number: 2739 • 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Systemic Vasculitis: Incidence of Glucocorticoid Related Adverse Events
Luciano Fernando Lo Giudice¹, Marina Scolnik², Jose Maximiliano Martinez P³, Aurelia Luissi¹, Valeria Scaglioni² and Enrique R Soriano², ¹Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Capital Federal, Argentina, ²Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine Service. Hospital Italiano Buenos Aires. Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina, ³Rheumatology, Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Background/Purpose: The glucocorticoid toxicity index (GTI) (Miloslavsky et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2017) is useful to assess impact on morbility associated with these drugs. It…
Abstract Number: 2783 • 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
EULAR Task Force Recommendations for a Minimum Core Set of Parameters to be Collected in Giant Cell Arteritis Registries and Databases
Lisa Ehlers¹, Johan Askling², Johannes W. J. Bijlsma³, Maria C. Cid⁴, Maurizio Cutolo⁵, Bhaskar Dasgupta⁶, Christian Dejaco^7,8, William G Dixon⁹, Nils Feltelius^10,11, Axel Finckh¹², Kate Gilbert¹³, Sarah Mackie¹⁴, Alfred Mahr¹⁵, Eric L. Matteson¹⁶, Lorna Neill¹⁷, Carlo Salvarani^18,19, Wolfgang A. Schmidt²⁰, Anja Strangfeld²¹, Ronald van Vollenhoven²² and Frank Buttgereit¹, ¹Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ²Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, ³Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, ⁴University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, ⁵Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy, Genoa, Italy, ⁶Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Westcliff-on-Sea, United Kingdom, ⁷Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria, Graz, Austria, ⁸Rheumatology, Hospital of Bruneck, Bruneck, Italy, ⁹Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, ¹⁰Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden, ¹¹Cross-Committee Task Force on Registries at the European Medicines Agency, London, United Kingdom, ¹²University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, ¹³Patient Representative from PMRGCAuk, London, United Kingdom, ¹⁴NIHR-Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit and Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, ¹⁵Internal Medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France, ¹⁶Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, ¹⁷Patient Representative from PMR-GCA Scotland, Perth, United Kingdom, ¹⁸Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, ¹⁹Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia and Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy, ²⁰Medical Center for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Berlin-Buch, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ²¹Epidemiology, German Rheumatism Research Center, Berlin, Germany, ²²Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center ARC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Background/Purpose: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) represents the most common form of primary systemic vasculitis, and is frequently associated with comorbidities related either to the disease…
Abstract Number: 2745 • 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Clinical and Serological Outcomes of Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis Treated with Tocilizumab or Abatacept As Steroid-Sparing Agents
Daniela Rossi¹, Irene Cecchi², Elena Rubini³, Massimo Radin⁴, Savino Sciascia⁵ and Dario Roccatello⁶, ¹Department of Medicine and Experimental Oncology, CMID - Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases, Turin, Italy, ²Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, Italy, ³Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Turin, Italy., Turin, Italy, ⁴Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Turin, Italy, ⁵Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy, Torino, Italy, ⁶Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases- Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d’Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin and S. Giovanni Bo, Turin, Italy
Background/Purpose: At least 2 biological therapies [tocilizumab (TCZ) and abatacept (ABA)] have been proven to be effective in the management of Giant cell arteritis (GCA)…
Abstract Number: 2843 • 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Leflunomide in Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A Real World Single Centre Experience
Faidra Laskou¹, Fiona Coath¹, Arslan Sidhu², Alam Wahid¹ and Bhaskar Dasgupta³, ¹Rheumatology, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southend, UK, Southend-On-Sea, United Kingdom, ²Rheumatology, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southend, UK, Southend-on-Sea, United Kingdom, ³Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Westcliff-on-Sea, United Kingdom
Background/Purpose: LEF could be the favourable DMARD for PMR/GCA due to inhibitory activity on dendritic cells and IL-6. Previous case series have shown efficacy of…
Abstract Number: 2746 • 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Tocilizumab Monotherapy for Large Vessel Vasculitis: Results of 104-Week Treatment of a Prospective, Single-Center, Open Study
Shuntaro Saito, Ayumi Okuyama, Yusuke Okada, Akiko Shibata, Ryota Sakai, Kentaro Chino, Takahiko Kurasawa, Tsuneo Kondo, Hirofumi Takei and Koichi Amano, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
Background/Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ) monotherapy for Large Vessel Vasculitis (LVV), including Takayasu arteritis (TAK) and Giant cell arteritis (GCA).…
Abstract Number: 2905 • 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Large Vessel Inflammation in New-Onset Treatment-Naïve GCA Patients Using Fluorine-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT As the Reference Standard – a Prospective Study of 86 Patients Suspected of GCA
Berit Dalsgaard Nielsen¹, Ib Tønder Hansen², Kresten Krarup Keller³, Philip Therkildsen⁴, Lars Christian Gormsen⁵ and Ellen-Margrethe Hauge⁶, ¹Clnical Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Århus N, Denmark, ²Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Århus N, Denmark, ³Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, ⁴Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark, ⁵Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, Aarhus University Hospital, Århus C, Denmark, ⁶Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark
Background/Purpose: EULAR recommendations suggest diagnostic imaging in all GCA suspects. Vascular ultrasound (US) is cheap, readily available and the recommended first line examination in cranial…
Abstract Number: 779 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Assessment of Treatment Response By 18f-Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) in Patients with Large Vessel Vasculitis (LVV)
Shubhasree Banerjee¹, Sara Alehashemi², Ali Cahid Civelek³, Elaine Novakovich⁴, Armin Bagheri⁵, Ashkan Malayeri³, Mark Ahlman³ and Peter C. Grayson⁶, ¹Fellowship and training branch, NIAMS/NIH, Bethesda, MD, ²Rheumatology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ³Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ⁴Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ⁵Vasculitis Translational Research Program, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, ⁶Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
Background/Purpose: Disease activity in large vessel vasculitis (LVV) is traditionally assessed by clinical and serological (ESR, CRP) parameters. Imaging assessment, including FDG-PET, may also be…
Abstract Number: 808 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Assessing the Possible Link between Varicella Zoster Virus and Giant Cell Arteritis Using Clinical Assessment, Serology and Biopsy Antigen Detection – Interim Results from the Giant Cell Arteritis and PET Scan (GAPS) Cohort
Anthony Sammel¹, Katherine Nguyen², Susan Smith³, Christopher Little³, Janice Brewer² and Rodger Laurent², ¹Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia, ²Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia, ³Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute, Sydney, Australia
Background/Purpose: Recent studies have suggested that giant cell arteritis (GCA) may be triggered by reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) based on high rates of…
Abstract Number: 780 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Short and Long-Term Follow-up with Tocilizumab in Giant Cell Arteritis. National Multicenter Study of 49 Patients of Clinical Practice
Lucia C. Domínguez-Casas¹, Javier Loricera¹, Jose L. Hernández², Santos Castañeda³, Vicente Aldasoro⁴, María Varela-García⁵, Rosario Ibañez-Bosch⁵, Antonio Mera⁶, Eva Pérez-Pampin⁶, Alicia Humbría⁷, Jaime Calvo-Alén⁸, Elena Aurrecoechea⁹, Javier Narváez¹⁰, Amalia Sánchez-Andrade¹¹, Paloma Vela¹², Elvira Diez Alvarez¹³, Clara Moriano¹⁴, Cristina Mata¹⁵, Pau Lluch¹⁶, Concepción Moll¹⁷, Íñigo Hernández-Rodríguez¹⁸, Vanesa Calvo-Río¹, José Andrés Román-Ivorra¹⁹, Carlos Vazquez²⁰, Alfonso Corrales¹, MC Gonzalez-Vela²¹, Francisco Ortiz-Sanjuán²², Belén Atienza-Mateo¹, José Luis Martín-Varillas¹, Miguel Angel González-Gay²³ and Ricardo Blanco¹, ¹Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Santander, Spain, ²Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Santander, Spain, ³Hospital Universitario La Princesa. IIS-IP. Madrid. Spain, Madrid, Spain, ⁴Hospital Alto Deba. Mondragón. Spain, Mondragon, Spain, ⁵Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Navarra. Spain, Navarra, Spain, ⁶Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago. Galicia. Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, ⁷Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa. IIS-IP. Madrid. Spain, Madrid, Spain, ⁸Rheumatology, Hospital de Sierrallana. Torrelavega. Cantabria. Spain, Alava, Spain, ⁹Rheumatology, Hospital de Sierrallana, Torrelavega. Cantabria. Spain, Torrelavega, Spain, ¹⁰Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Bellvitge. Barcelona. Spain, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain, ¹¹Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. Lugo. Spain, Lugo, Spain, ¹²Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Alicante. Spain, Alicante, Spain, ¹³Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León. León. Spain, León, Spain, ¹⁴Rheumatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León. León. Spain, Leon, Spain, ¹⁵Rheumatology, Hospital de Laredo. Laredo. Spain, Laredo, Spain, ¹⁶Rheumatology, Hospital Mateu Orfila. Menorca. Spain, Menorca, Spain, ¹⁷Rheumatology., Hospital Mateu Orfila. Menorca. Spain, Menorca, Spain, ¹⁸Rheumatology, CHUVI Vigo. Galicia. Spain, Vigo, Spain, ¹⁹Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia. Spain, Valencia, Spain, ²⁰Rheumatology, Hospital Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. Spain, Zaragoza, Spain, ²¹Pathology Anatomy, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Santander, Spain, ²²Rheumatology., Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia. Spain, Valencia, Spain, ²³Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Johannesburg, South Africa
Background/Purpose: Randomized clinical trial has shown the efficacy of tocilizumab (TCZ) in Giant cell arteritis (GCA). However this data are of selected cases of clinical…
Abstract Number: 809 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Prevalence and Distribution of Vascular FDG Uptake on Positron Emission Tomography (PET)-CT in Patients Suspected of Having Giant Cell Arteritis – Interim Results from the Giant Cell Arteritis and PET Scan (GAPS) Study
Anthony Sammel¹, Edward Hsiao², Katherine Nguyen³, Geoffrey Schembri², Leslie Schrieber³, Peter Youssef⁴, Beatrice Janssen³ and Rodger Laurent³, ¹Rheumatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia, ²Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia, ³Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia, ⁴Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
Background/Purpose: Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT scan can assess large vessel vasculitis in giant cell arteritis (GCA). It has a reported sensitivity of 80% for biopsy…
Abstract Number: 781 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
A Patient Based Reliability Exercise of Omeract Ultrasound Definitions in Giant Cell Arteritis
Valentin S. Schäfer¹, Stavros Chrysidis², Christian Dejaco³, Christina Duftner⁴, Annamaria Iagnocco⁵, George A. W. Bruyn⁶, Greta Carrara⁷, MA D'Agostino⁸, Eugenio De Miguel⁹, Andreas P Diamantopoulos¹⁰, Ulrich Fredberg¹¹, Wolfgang Hartung¹², Alojzija Hočevar¹³, Tanaz A. Kermani¹⁴, Matthew J. Koster¹⁵, Tove Lorenzen¹⁶, Pierluigi Macchioni¹⁷, Marcin Milchert¹⁸, Uffe Møller Døhn¹⁹, Chetan Mukhtyar²⁰, Cristina Ponte²¹, Sofia Ramiro²², Carlo Alberto Scirè²³, Lene Terslev²⁴, Kenneth J. Warrington¹⁵, Bhaskar Dasgupta²⁵ and Wolfgang A. Schmidt²⁶, ¹Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Medical Center for Rheumatology Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany, ²Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Southwest Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark, ³Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria, ⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Division of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, ⁵Academic Rheumatology Unit, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy, ⁶Rheumatology, MC Groep, Loenga, Netherlands, ⁷Epidemiology Unit, Italian Society for Rheumatology, Milano, Italy, ⁸Rheumatology, Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France, ⁹Medicine, Universidad Autonoma Madrid, MADRID, Spain, ¹⁰Martina Hansens Hospital, Bærum, Oslo, Norway, ¹¹Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark, ¹²Department of Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, Asklepios Medical Center, 93077 Bad Abbach, Germany, ¹³Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, ¹⁴Rheumatology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, ¹⁵Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ¹⁶Diagnostic Centre, Region Hospital Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark, ¹⁷Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy, ¹⁸Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin,, Szczecin, Poland, ¹⁹Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Glostrup, Denmark, ²⁰Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom, ²¹Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria - Centro Hospital Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal, ²²Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, Leiden, Netherlands, ²³Italian Society for Rheumatology, Milan, Italy, ²⁴Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark, ²⁵Rheumatology, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southend, UK, Westcliff-on-Sea, United Kingdom, ²⁶Medical Center for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Berlin-Buch, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Background/Purpose: To test the reliability of recently established consensus-based ultrasound definitions for normal and vasculitic temporal and axillary arteries in patients with giant cell arteritis…
Abstract Number: 810 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Sensitivity of Temporal Artery Biopsy in Giant Cell Arteritis: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Data
Emma Rubenstein¹, Carla Maldini², Solange Gonzalez-Chiappe³, Sylvie Chevret⁴ and Alfred Mahr³, ¹Internal medicine, University Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, France, ²Rheumatology, Hospital Córdoba, Cordoba, Argentina, ³Internal Medicine, University Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, France, ⁴Biostatistics, University Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
Background/Purpose: Temporal artery biopsy (TAB) is a reference test for establishing a diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA). A subset of patients with a clinical…
Abstract Number: 782 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Serum IL-6, SAA and Calprotectin As Biomarkers in Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Yannick van Sleen, Marjolein Hoekstra, Johan Bijzet, Wayel H. Abdulahad, Annemieke M.H. Boots and Elisabeth Brouwer, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Background/Purpose: GCA and PMR are closely related inflammatory diseases. The diagnostic criteria of both disorders depend on a combination of clinical features and elevated ESR…
Abstract Number: 820 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Prognostic Value of Positron Emission Tomography in a Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort of Patients with Large Vessel Vasculitis
Peter C. Grayson¹, Sara Alehashemi², Armin Bagheri³, Ali Cahid Civelek⁴, Thomas Cupps⁵, Mariana J. Kaplan⁶, Ashkan Malayeri⁴, Peter A. Merkel⁷, Elaine Novakovich⁸, David A. Bluemke⁴ and Mark Ahlman⁴, ¹National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease (NIAMS), Bethesda, MD, ²Rheumatology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ³Vasculitis Translational Research Program, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, ⁴Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ⁵Rheumatology, Georgetown University, Bethesda, MD, ⁶NIAMS/NIH, Bethesda, MD, ⁷University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, MN, ⁸Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
Background/Purpose: While several studies have examined the potential of 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) to help establish a diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis (LVV),…
Abstract Number: 783 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
European League Against Rheumatisms Recommendations for the Use of Imaging in Large Vessel Vasculitis in Clinical Practice
Christian Dejaco¹, Sofia Ramiro², Christina Duftner³, Florent L. Besson⁴, Thorsten Bley⁵, Daniel Blockmans⁶, Elisabeth Brouwer⁷, Marco A. Cimmino⁸, Eric Clark⁹, Bhaskar Dasgupta¹⁰, Andreas P Diamantopoulos¹¹, Haner Direskeneli¹², Annamaria Iagnocco¹³, Thorsten Klink⁵, Lorna Neill¹⁴, Cristina Ponte¹⁵, Carlo Salvarani¹⁶, Riemer Slart¹⁷, Madeline Whitlock¹⁸ and Wolfgang A. Schmidt¹⁹, ¹Rheumatology, Hospital of Bruneck, Bruneck, Italy, ²Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, Leiden, Netherlands, ³Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Division of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, ⁴Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris-Sud, Paris, France, ⁵University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, ⁶General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium, ⁷Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, ⁸Research Laboratory and Academic Unit of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy, ⁹PMRGCAuk, London, United Kingdom, ¹⁰Rheumatology, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southend, UK, Westcliff-on-Sea, United Kingdom, ¹¹Rheumatology, Martina Hansens Hospital, Bærum, Oslo, Norway, ¹²Departement of İnternal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, ¹³Academic Rheumatology Unit, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy, ¹⁴PMRGCAuk, Dundee, United Kingdom, ¹⁵Instituto de Medicina Molecular (IMM), Rheumatology Research Unit, Lisbon, Portugal, ¹⁶Rheumatology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio-Emilia, Italy, ¹⁷University of Groningen, Enschede, Netherlands, ¹⁸Southend University Hospital, Southend, United Kingdom, ¹⁹Medical Center for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Berlin-Buch, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Background/Purpose: Modern imaging modalities including ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET/CT) have been increasingly used in primary…

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