Background/Purpose: To investigate the association between autoantibodies against non- myeloperoxidase (MPO) neutrophil granule antigens and activity of Behcet’s disease (BD).

Methods: We consecutively enrolled 51 BD patients without diseases requiring the differential diagnosis of BD or infection, and assessed the clinical data. We performed blood tests including antibodies against proteinase 3 (PR3), MPO, bactericidal permeability increasing protein (BPI), cathepsin G, elastase, lactoferrin and lysozyme. We evaluated the association of autoantibodies with BD activity using patients index score of Behcet’s Disease Current Activity Form.

Results: The median age of patients (25 men and 36 women) was 51.0 years. The median patients index score was 2.0 (range 0, 5.0), and 56.9% of patients had active BD. In multivariate linear regression analysis of variables with significant correlations, only anti-lysozyme showed a significant correlation with BD activity (standardized β = 0.417, p = 0.002). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, anti-lysozyme was only predictive value of active BD, but it achieved a borderline statistical significance (OR 5.052, p = 0.066). When BD patients were classified into the two groups according to the optimal cutoff value of anti-lysozyme level (2.95 IU/mL), active BD was more frequent in patient having anti-lysozyme level above the cutoff value than those below (RR 12.308, p = 0.001).

Conclusion: Anti-lysozyme was significantly correlated with disease activity score and it was only independent value to predict active disease in patients with BD. Furthermore, patients having anti-lysozyme level ≥ 2.95 had a significantly higher risk of having active BD than those not.

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ACR Meeting Abstracts - https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/serum-anti-lysozyme-is-associated-with-disease-activity-of-behcets-disease/