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Abstract Number: 352

Polymyalgia Rheumatica-like Syndrome from Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature

Cassandra Calabrese1, Elizabeth Kirchner1 and Leonard H. Calabrese2, 1Rheumatic & Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 2Rheumatic & Immunologic Disease and Infectious Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH

Meeting: 2018 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting

Keywords: adverse events and polymyalgia rheumatica, Immunotherapy

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Session Information

Date: Sunday, October 21, 2018

Session Title: Miscellaneous Rheumatic and Inflammatory Diseases Poster I: Checkpoint Inhibitors, Retroperitoneal Fibrosis

Session Type: ACR Poster Session A

Session Time: 9:00AM-11:00AM

Background/Purpose:

Rheumatic immune related adverse events (irAEs) from checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy remain poorly understood. In our early experience with rheumatic irAEs we encountered patients presenting with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)-like clinical phenotypes. This entity has also been described in the literature. It is the purpose of this study to describe the cases of PMR-like syndrome secondary to ICI reported in the literature to date, and determine if they meet the 2012 EULAR/ACR criteria for PMR1.

Methods:

A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and Ovid Embase using the search terms: “polymyalgia rheumatica”[MESH] OR “polymyalgia rheumatic” AND “ immunotherapy” OR
checkpoint inhibitor therapy”. We determined how many cases provided enough data to apply the EULAR/ACR criteria for PMR (age > 50, elevated ESR or CRP, and bilateral shoulder aching) and these cases were designated “A level” evidence. The remaining cases, with incomplete or insufficient data, were designated “B level” evidence.

Results:

A total of 39 patients were included for analysis, including 6 cases from our center. Among these, 25 (64%) were designated A level. The remaining 14 (36%) were designated B level and thus censored from further evaluation. Within group A, 20 cases fulfilled complete EULAR/ACR criteria for a diagnosis of PMR. Three patients also met imaging criteria. The main reason why patients did not meet criteria was because they had other joint involvement – most commonly knees, followed by elbows and hands. Two patients had low-positive rheumatoid factor.  One case described a patient with RS3PE. In the whole group, the specific checkpoint inhibitor was reported in 24 cases. 7 were exposed to nivolumab, 4 to combination ipilimumab/nivolumab, 5 to pembrolizumab, 3 to ipilimumab and 5 to PD-1 or PD-L1 agents. Of note, 3 cases of giant cell arteritis have been described with ICI therapy: 2 in the setting of PMR and one isolated case.

Table. Cases from our irAE clinic

 

sex

Tumor type

ICI

Age

Shoulder aching

Abnormal ESR/CRP

EMS > 45 min

Hip pain

Normal RF/ACPA

No other joints

1

M

RCC

Nivolumab

63

Y

N

Y

Y

Y

N

2

M

Melanoma

Ipi/nivo

69

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

3

M

Melanoma

Ipi/nivo

79

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

4

M

Melanoma

Pembro

57

Y

N

Y

Y

RF 35 IU/ml

N

5

M

Melanoma

Pembro

60

Y

Y

Y

Y

RF 45 IU/ml

N

6

M

Melanoma

Nivo

66

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

Conclusion:

In this combined analysis 36% of reported cases of PMR were based on incomplete reporting data making verification problematic. Of those with enough data for evaluation nearly 80% met current classification criteria for PMR. Among those with insufficient evidence atypical features (synovitis, positive serology) were present that may indicate an alternative inflammatory rheumatic manifestation of unclear nosology. Prospective registry-based studies with adequate assessment of data are urgently needed.

References

1.       Dasgupta B, et al. 2012 provisional classification criteria for polymyalgia rheumatic: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology collaborative initiative. Ann Rheum Dis 2012;71:484-492.


Disclosure: C. Calabrese, None; E. Kirchner, None; L. H. Calabrese, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5, 8,Genentech, Inc., 5, 8.

To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Calabrese C, Kirchner E, Calabrese LH. Polymyalgia Rheumatica-like Syndrome from Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Case Series and Systematic Review of the Literature [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2018; 70 (suppl 9). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/polymyalgia-rheumatica-like-syndrome-from-checkpoint-inhibitor-therapy-case-series-and-systematic-review-of-the-literature/. Accessed March 21, 2023.
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