Abstracts Archive - Page 1257 of 2425 - ACR Meeting Abstracts

Abstract Number: 772 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Molecular Mechanism for the Therapeutic Effect of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy on Digital Ulcers of Systemic Sclerosis
Yukiko Kamogawa¹, Hiroshi Fujii¹, Tsuyoshi Shirai¹, Tomonori Ishii² and Hideo Harigae¹, ¹Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan, ²Clinical Research, Innovation and Education Center, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
Background/Purpose: Digital ulcers (DUs) are the most common skin manifestations in systemic sclerosis (SSc). DUs in SSc are not usually caused by vasculitis and are…
Abstract Number: 773 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
The Immunophenotyping of Peripheral Blood Associates with Nailfold Microvascular Changes in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis
Satoshi Kubo¹, Shingo Nakayamada², Maiko Yoshikawa¹, Yusuke Miyazaki¹, Hiroko Yoshinari³, Yurie Satoh³, Yasuyuki Todoroki³, Kazuhisa Nakano², Shigeru Iwata⁴, Kentaro Hanami¹, Shunsuke Fukuyo³, Ippei Miyagawa⁵, Minoru Satoh⁶ and Yoshiya Tanaka⁷, ¹The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan, ²First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan, ³University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, Japan, ⁴First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan, ⁵University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan, ⁶Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan, ⁷The First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
The immunophenotyping of peripheral blood associates with nailfold microvascular changes in patients with systemic sclerosisBackground/Purpose: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex disease with autoimmunity and…
Abstract Number: 774 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
The αV Integrin Inhibitor Abituzumab Inhibits Myofibroblast Differentiation
Eileen Samy¹, Yin Wu¹, Georgianna Higginbotham², Roland Grenningloh² and Daigen Xu², ¹TIP Immunology, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc. (a business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Billerica, MA, ²EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc. (a business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), Billerica, MA
Background/Purpose: Scleroderma is a progressive fibrotic multi-organ disease characterized by the hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. TGF-β1 is a potent mediator…
Abstract Number: 775 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Ssc Gene Expression Subtypes
Guoshuai Cai¹, Bhaven K. Mehta², Mengqi Huang², Jennifer Franks¹, Tammara A. Wood¹, Kathleen D. Kolstad³, Marianna Stark⁴, Antonia Valenzuela⁵, David Fiorentino⁶, Robert W. Simms⁷, Nicole Orzechowski⁸, Lorinda Chung⁹ and Michael L. Whitfield², ¹Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, ²Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, ³Rheumatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, ⁴Stanford University, Stanford, CA, ⁵Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, ⁶Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, ⁷Rheumatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, ⁸Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, ⁹Rheumatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA
Background/Purpose: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex disease characterized by substantial genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Four molecular gene expression subsets have been identified from SSc…
Abstract Number: 776 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Circulating Fibrocytes in Systemic Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Subjects: An in Vitro Study
Maurizio Cutolo¹, Paola Montagna², Stefano Soldano², Amelia Chiara Trombetta³, Paola Contini⁴, Vanessa Smith⁵, Barbara Ruaro², Alberto Sulli³ and Renata Brizzolara², ¹Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy, Genoa, Italy, ²Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS San Martino, Genoa, Italy, Genoa, Italy, ³Research Laboratory and Academic Division of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS A.O.U. San Martino-IST, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy, Genova, Italy, ⁴Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy, Genova, Italy, ⁵Faculty of Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Background/Purpose: Circulating fibrocytes seem to exert immunomodulatory effects, expressing class II major histocompatability complex molecules (HLA-DP, -DQ, and -DR) and could have a role in…
Abstract Number: 777 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Differences between Temporal Artery Biopsy-Positive and Biopsy-Negative Giant Cell Arteritis: A Comparative Cohort Study
Matthew J. Koster¹, Karthik Yeruva¹, Cynthia S. Crowson² and Kenneth J. Warrington¹, ¹Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ²Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN
Background/Purpose: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common systemic vasculitis in patients aged 50 years or older. The presence of cranial features and an…
Abstract Number: 778 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Safety Events in Giant Cell Arteritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient Populations
Sara Gale¹, Sophie Dimonaco², Huong Trinh¹, Katie Tuckwell², Neil Collinson², John H. Stone³, Khaled Sarsour¹, Jinglan Pei⁴, Jennifer H. Best¹, Christine Birchwood⁴ and Shalini Mohan¹, ¹Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, ²Roche Products, Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, United Kingdom, ³Massachusetts General Hospital Rheumatology Unit, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, ⁴Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
Background/Purpose: Recent clinical trial findings have shown efficacy for tocilizumab (TCZ) in treating giant cell arteritis (GCA).1,2 TCZ was approved for the treatment of GCA…
Abstract Number: 779 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Assessment of Treatment Response By 18f-Fludeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) in Patients with Large Vessel Vasculitis (LVV)
Shubhasree Banerjee¹, Sara Alehashemi², Ali Cahid Civelek³, Elaine Novakovich⁴, Armin Bagheri⁵, Ashkan Malayeri³, Mark Ahlman³ and Peter C. Grayson⁶, ¹Fellowship and training branch, NIAMS/NIH, Bethesda, MD, ²Rheumatology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ³Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ⁴Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, ⁵Vasculitis Translational Research Program, NIAMS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, ⁶Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
Background/Purpose: Disease activity in large vessel vasculitis (LVV) is traditionally assessed by clinical and serological (ESR, CRP) parameters. Imaging assessment, including FDG-PET, may also be…
Abstract Number: 780 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Short and Long-Term Follow-up with Tocilizumab in Giant Cell Arteritis. National Multicenter Study of 49 Patients of Clinical Practice
Lucia C. Domínguez-Casas¹, Javier Loricera¹, Jose L. Hernández², Santos Castañeda³, Vicente Aldasoro⁴, María Varela-García⁵, Rosario Ibañez-Bosch⁵, Antonio Mera⁶, Eva Pérez-Pampin⁶, Alicia Humbría⁷, Jaime Calvo-Alén⁸, Elena Aurrecoechea⁹, Javier Narváez¹⁰, Amalia Sánchez-Andrade¹¹, Paloma Vela¹², Elvira Diez Alvarez¹³, Clara Moriano¹⁴, Cristina Mata¹⁵, Pau Lluch¹⁶, Concepción Moll¹⁷, Íñigo Hernández-Rodríguez¹⁸, Vanesa Calvo-Río¹, José Andrés Román-Ivorra¹⁹, Carlos Vazquez²⁰, Alfonso Corrales¹, MC Gonzalez-Vela²¹, Francisco Ortiz-Sanjuán²², Belén Atienza-Mateo¹, José Luis Martín-Varillas¹, Miguel Angel González-Gay²³ and Ricardo Blanco¹, ¹Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Santander, Spain, ²Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Santander, Spain, ³Hospital Universitario La Princesa. IIS-IP. Madrid. Spain, Madrid, Spain, ⁴Hospital Alto Deba. Mondragón. Spain, Mondragon, Spain, ⁵Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Navarra. Spain, Navarra, Spain, ⁶Rheumatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago. Galicia. Spain, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, ⁷Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Princesa. IIS-IP. Madrid. Spain, Madrid, Spain, ⁸Rheumatology, Hospital de Sierrallana. Torrelavega. Cantabria. Spain, Alava, Spain, ⁹Rheumatology, Hospital de Sierrallana, Torrelavega. Cantabria. Spain, Torrelavega, Spain, ¹⁰Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Bellvitge. Barcelona. Spain, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain, ¹¹Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti. Lugo. Spain, Lugo, Spain, ¹²Reumatología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante. Alicante. Spain, Alicante, Spain, ¹³Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León. León. Spain, León, Spain, ¹⁴Rheumatology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León. León. Spain, Leon, Spain, ¹⁵Rheumatology, Hospital de Laredo. Laredo. Spain, Laredo, Spain, ¹⁶Rheumatology, Hospital Mateu Orfila. Menorca. Spain, Menorca, Spain, ¹⁷Rheumatology., Hospital Mateu Orfila. Menorca. Spain, Menorca, Spain, ¹⁸Rheumatology, CHUVI Vigo. Galicia. Spain, Vigo, Spain, ¹⁹Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia. Spain, Valencia, Spain, ²⁰Rheumatology, Hospital Miguel Servet. Zaragoza. Spain, Zaragoza, Spain, ²¹Pathology Anatomy, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Santander, Spain, ²²Rheumatology., Hospital Universitario La Fe. Valencia. Spain, Valencia, Spain, ²³Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL. Santander. Universidad de Cantabria. Spain, Johannesburg, South Africa
Background/Purpose: Randomized clinical trial has shown the efficacy of tocilizumab (TCZ) in Giant cell arteritis (GCA). However this data are of selected cases of clinical…
Abstract Number: 781 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
A Patient Based Reliability Exercise of Omeract Ultrasound Definitions in Giant Cell Arteritis
Valentin S. Schäfer¹, Stavros Chrysidis², Christian Dejaco³, Christina Duftner⁴, Annamaria Iagnocco⁵, George A. W. Bruyn⁶, Greta Carrara⁷, MA D'Agostino⁸, Eugenio De Miguel⁹, Andreas P Diamantopoulos¹⁰, Ulrich Fredberg¹¹, Wolfgang Hartung¹², Alojzija Hočevar¹³, Tanaz A. Kermani¹⁴, Matthew J. Koster¹⁵, Tove Lorenzen¹⁶, Pierluigi Macchioni¹⁷, Marcin Milchert¹⁸, Uffe Møller Døhn¹⁹, Chetan Mukhtyar²⁰, Cristina Ponte²¹, Sofia Ramiro²², Carlo Alberto Scirè²³, Lene Terslev²⁴, Kenneth J. Warrington¹⁵, Bhaskar Dasgupta²⁵ and Wolfgang A. Schmidt²⁶, ¹Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Medical Center for Rheumatology Berlin-Buch, Berlin, Germany, ²Department of Rheumatology, Hospital of Southwest Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark, ³Rheumatology and Immunology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria, ⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Division of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, ⁵Academic Rheumatology Unit, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy, ⁶Rheumatology, MC Groep, Loenga, Netherlands, ⁷Epidemiology Unit, Italian Society for Rheumatology, Milano, Italy, ⁸Rheumatology, Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France, ⁹Medicine, Universidad Autonoma Madrid, MADRID, Spain, ¹⁰Martina Hansens Hospital, Bærum, Oslo, Norway, ¹¹Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark, ¹²Department of Rheumatology/Clinical Immunology, Asklepios Medical Center, 93077 Bad Abbach, Germany, ¹³Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, ¹⁴Rheumatology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, ¹⁵Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ¹⁶Diagnostic Centre, Region Hospital Silkeborg, Silkeborg, Denmark, ¹⁷Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy, ¹⁸Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin,, Szczecin, Poland, ¹⁹Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research (COPECARE), Glostrup, Denmark, ²⁰Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom, ²¹Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria - Centro Hospital Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal, ²²Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, Leiden, Netherlands, ²³Italian Society for Rheumatology, Milan, Italy, ²⁴Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark, ²⁵Rheumatology, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southend, UK, Westcliff-on-Sea, United Kingdom, ²⁶Medical Center for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Berlin-Buch, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Background/Purpose: To test the reliability of recently established consensus-based ultrasound definitions for normal and vasculitic temporal and axillary arteries in patients with giant cell arteritis…
Abstract Number: 782 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Serum IL-6, SAA and Calprotectin As Biomarkers in Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Yannick van Sleen, Marjolein Hoekstra, Johan Bijzet, Wayel H. Abdulahad, Annemieke M.H. Boots and Elisabeth Brouwer, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
Background/Purpose: GCA and PMR are closely related inflammatory diseases. The diagnostic criteria of both disorders depend on a combination of clinical features and elevated ESR…
Abstract Number: 783 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
European League Against Rheumatisms Recommendations for the Use of Imaging in Large Vessel Vasculitis in Clinical Practice
Christian Dejaco¹, Sofia Ramiro², Christina Duftner³, Florent L. Besson⁴, Thorsten Bley⁵, Daniel Blockmans⁶, Elisabeth Brouwer⁷, Marco A. Cimmino⁸, Eric Clark⁹, Bhaskar Dasgupta¹⁰, Andreas P Diamantopoulos¹¹, Haner Direskeneli¹², Annamaria Iagnocco¹³, Thorsten Klink⁵, Lorna Neill¹⁴, Cristina Ponte¹⁵, Carlo Salvarani¹⁶, Riemer Slart¹⁷, Madeline Whitlock¹⁸ and Wolfgang A. Schmidt¹⁹, ¹Rheumatology, Hospital of Bruneck, Bruneck, Italy, ²Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, Leiden, Netherlands, ³Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Division of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, ⁴Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Bicêtre, AP-HP, Université Paris-Sud, Paris, France, ⁵University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, ⁶General Internal Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium, ⁷Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, ⁸Research Laboratory and Academic Unit of Clinical Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy, ⁹PMRGCAuk, London, United Kingdom, ¹⁰Rheumatology, Southend University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southend, UK, Westcliff-on-Sea, United Kingdom, ¹¹Rheumatology, Martina Hansens Hospital, Bærum, Oslo, Norway, ¹²Departement of İnternal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, ¹³Academic Rheumatology Unit, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy, ¹⁴PMRGCAuk, Dundee, United Kingdom, ¹⁵Instituto de Medicina Molecular (IMM), Rheumatology Research Unit, Lisbon, Portugal, ¹⁶Rheumatology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova - IRCCS; Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio-Emilia, Italy, ¹⁷University of Groningen, Enschede, Netherlands, ¹⁸Southend University Hospital, Southend, United Kingdom, ¹⁹Medical Center for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Berlin-Buch, Immanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Background/Purpose: Modern imaging modalities including ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET/CT) have been increasingly used in primary…
Abstract Number: 784 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Damage and Predictors of Damage in Takayasu’s Arteritis
Antoine G. Sreih¹, Tanaz A. Kermani², David Cuthbertson³, Simon Carette⁴, Nader A. Khalidi⁵, Curry L. Koening⁶, Carol A. Langford⁷, Carol A. McAlear⁸, Paul A. Monach⁹, Larry W. Moreland¹⁰, Christian Pagnoux¹¹, Philip Seo¹², Kenneth J. Warrington¹³, Steven R. Ytterberg¹³ and Peter A. Merkel^1,14, ¹Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, ²Division of Rheumatology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, ³Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, ⁴Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁵Rheumatology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, ⁶Rheumatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, ⁷Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, ⁸University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, ⁹Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, ¹⁰Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, ¹¹Rheumatology-Vasculitis clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ¹²Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, ¹³Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ¹⁴Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Background/Purpose: Information regarding the degree and the predictors of damage in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) is limited. This study aimed to characterize damage and…
Abstract Number: 785 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Longitudinal Angiographic Findings in Patients with Takayasu’s Arteritis
Antoine G. Sreih¹, Tanaz A. Kermani², David Cuthbertson³, Simon Carette⁴, Lindsy J. Forbess⁵, Nader A. Khalidi⁶, Curry L. Koening⁷, Carol A. McAlear⁸, Paul A. Monach⁹, Larry W. Moreland¹⁰, Christian Pagnoux¹¹, Philip Seo¹², Robert F. Spiera¹³, Kenneth J. Warrington¹⁴, Steven R. Ytterberg¹⁴, Carol A. Langford¹⁵ and Peter A. Merkel^16,17, ¹Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, ²Division of Rheumatology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, ³Biostatistics and Informatics, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, ⁴Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ⁵Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, ⁶Rheumatology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, ⁷Rheumatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, ⁸University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, ⁹Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, ¹⁰Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, ¹¹Rheumatology-Vasculitis clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ¹²Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, ¹³Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, ¹⁴Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ¹⁵Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, ¹⁶Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Bioinformatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, ¹⁷Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
Background/Purpose : Longitudinal data on the type, progression, and predictors of arterial lesions in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis (TAK) is limited. This study aimed to…
Abstract Number: 786 • 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
Smoking As a Risk Factor for Giant Cell Arteritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
David Brennan¹, Patompong Ungprasert², Kenneth J. Warrington² and Matthew J. Koster², ¹Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ²Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
Background/Purpose: Tobacco smoking is a well-established risk factor for the development of several autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. A similar…

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