Session Information
Date: Sunday, November 5, 2017
Session Title: Spondyloarthropathies and Psoriatic Arthritis – Clinical Aspects and Treatment Poster I
Session Type: ACR Poster Session A
Session Time: 9:00AM-11:00AM
Background/Purpose:
Knowledge of the existence of an epidemiological association between SpA and periodontitis may fuel pathophysiological thinking about SpA and if established, have clinical implications. Currently, it is unclear whether SpA patients have a higher frequency of periodontitis and data in the literature reporting a possible association is limited. . Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the frequency and severity of periodontitis in SpA-patients with healthy-control individuals, through the evaluation of clinical, serological and microbiological periodontal condition.
Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of SpA (n=78) and bDMARD-naive fulfilling the ASAS classification criteria as well as 156 healthy-controls matched for age/gender, were included. Two trained and calibrated periodontologists performed the periodontal clinical assessment. The presence of periodontitis and its severity were determined according to the criteria established by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention-American Academy of Periodontology (CDC-AAP). The clinical periodontal variables, IgG1/IgG2 antibodies against P. gingivalis and periodontopathic bacterial identification, were also established. Comparisons of periodontal characteristics between the SpA-patients and the control-group were performed using univariable analyses. A logistic regression analyses was performed to calculate the odds ratio (95% CI) for diagnosis of periodontitis in SpA-patients and matched-controls.
Results: A diagnosis of periodontitis was established in 56% in SpA patients vs. 69% of healthy-controls (p=<0.001). Severe periodontitis was found in 3% vs 12% in SpA vs healthy-controls respectively (p=<0.001). There was no significant increase of frequency of any periodontal variable, IgG1/IgG2 antibodies against P. gingivalis or the presence of periodontopathic bacteria between SpA patients and control-group. Periodontitis was not positively associated with a diagnosis of SpA (OR: 0.57 95% CI 0.32-1.00, p=0.05) in the logistic regression analyses
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that –unlike the situation in RA- there is not a positive association between SpA and periodontitis in Colombian patients. We even found a lower prevalence of periodontitis and less severe periodontitis in comparison to healthy controls. Moreover, all periodontal characteristics evaluated including clinical parameters, antibodies anti P. gingivalis and bacterial identification were not increased in SpA patients as compared to controls.
Table 1 Characteristics and periodontal variables in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and healthy controls
|
Characteristics |
SpA (n=78) |
Controls (n=156) |
p-value |
||
|
Age (years) |
39.6 (11.0) |
39.5 (11.1) |
ⱡ |
||
|
Male gender N (%) |
47 (60.3) |
94 (60.3) |
ⱡ |
||
|
Smoking (currently) N (%) |
11 (14.1) |
14 (9.0) |
0.14 |
||
|
Obesity (BMI ≥30) N (%) |
6 (7.6) |
16 (10.2) |
0.43 |
||
|
Periodontitis (positive)* N (%) |
44 (56.4) |
108 (69.2) |
0.01 |
||
|
Severity of Periodontitis* N (%) |
|||||
|
Any |
34 (43.6) |
48 (30.8) |
0.01 |
||
|
Mild |
11 (14.1) |
20 (12.8) |
|||
|
Moderate |
31 (39.7) |
69 (44.2) |
|||
|
Severe |
2 (2.6) |
19 (12.2) |
|||
|
Insertion level total mouth (mm) |
2.4 (0.5) |
2.9 (0.8) |
<0.001 |
||
|
CAL average interproximal (mm) |
1.9 (0.6) |
2.3 (0.8) |
<0.001 |
||
|
Total pocket depth mouth (mm) |
3.3 (1.7) |
3.2 (1.9) |
0.29 |
||
|
Plaque Index (%) |
0.4 (0.2) |
0.5 (0.2) |
0.12 |
||
|
Gingival index (%) |
0.3 (0.2) |
0.4 (0.5) |
0.33 |
||
|
Number of teeth present |
26.1 (4.1) |
25.5 (5.4) |
0.79 |
||
|
P. gingivalis (presence) N (%) |
23 (29.4) |
71 (45.5) |
<0.01 |
||
|
T. denticola (presence) N (%) |
13 (16.6) |
84 (53.8) |
<0.001 |
||
|
T. forsythia (presence) N (%) |
6 (7.6) |
75 (48.1) |
<0.001 |
||
|
IgG1 anti P. gingivalis (positive) N (%) |
40 (51.2) |
80 (51.2) |
1 |
||
|
IgG2 anti P. gingivalis (positive) N (%) |
41 (52.5) |
74 (47.4) |
0.32 |
All values given as mean (SD) unless specified;
ⱡ Age and gender were matching criteria
*Criteria and severity definition according to the Center for Disease Control and
Prevention-American Academy of Periodontology (CDC-AAP)
BMI, body mass index; CAL, clinical attachment loss
To cite this abstract in AMA style:
Bautista-Molano W, van der Heijde D, Landewé RBM, Lafaurie G, De Avila J, Valle-Oñate R, Romero-Sanchez C. Is There a Relationship between Spondyloarthritis and Periodontitis? a Case-Control Study [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017; 69 (suppl 10). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/is-there-a-relationship-between-spondyloarthritis-and-periodontitis-a-case-control-study/. Accessed August 3, 2021.« Back to 2017 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting
ACR Meeting Abstracts - https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/is-there-a-relationship-between-spondyloarthritis-and-periodontitis-a-case-control-study/