Background/Purpose: To investigate the relationship between CD10^highLow-Density Granulocytes (LDG) and disease activity in antiphospholipid syndrome(APS).

Methods: This study included 99 patients with APS who were treated in Peking

University People’s Hospital from November 2022 to April 2024. All patients met the 2006 Sydney classification criteria for APS. At the same time, 27 healthy controls were included. Peripheral blood samples from patients and healthy controls were collected, and LDG（CD14^–CD15⁺CD10^high）,T helper (Th), T cytotoxic (Tc), Tregulatory (Treg), Th1(TNF-α), Th1(INF-ɣ), Th1(IL-2), Th2(IL-4), Th17(IL-17)

B cells, and NK cells were detected by flow cytometry. The clinical data of CD10^highLDG≥3.685% andCD10^highLDG< 3.685% were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of aGAPSS score ≥10.

Results:  Patients with CD10^highLDG≥3.685% had higher aGAPSS (p < 0.001), higher LAC (p =0.039), higher β2GPI (p =0.035), higher prevalence of thrombocytopenia (p =0.017), and triple-positive antiphospholipid antibody (p =0.002). Patients with aGAPSS≥10 had lower platelets (p =0.003), more patients with microvascular (p =0.037), more patients with Coombs-positive (p =0.037), higher CD10^highLDG (p =0.024), higher Th cells (p =0.040), higher Th1(INF-ɣ) cells (p =0.029), lower Th2(IL-4) cells (p =0.024)(Figure 1). After treatment, CD10^highLDG and aGAPSS decreased significantly in APS patients(Figure 2). Patients with deep venous thromboembolism (p =0.034), thrombocytopenia (p =0.011), SLE-APS (p = 0.041), and patients with double-positive and triple-positive antiphospholipid antibody (p =0.002) had a higher proportion of CD10^highLDG.Logistic regression analysis showed that CD10^highLDG≥3.685% (OR=9.895, 95%CI=4.000,98.948) were independent risk factors for aGAPSS≥10. ROC curves were drawn for CD10^highLDG for disease activity,the areas under the curve was 0.645.

Conclusion: CD10^highLDG≥3.685% in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of APS patients is an independent risk factor for aGAPSS score ≥10.It may be an effective indicator to evaluate the activity of APS.

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ACR Meeting Abstracts - https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/cd10highlow-density-granulocytes-is-a-potential-marker-of-disease-activity-in-antiphospholipid-syndrome/