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Abstract Number: 651

Calprotectin Serum Levels Strongly Predict Disease Flare in RA and Psa Patients with Low Disease Activity Treated with TNF Inhibitors. a One-Year Prospective Cohort Study

Jose Inciarte-Mundo1, M. Victoria Hernández1, Virginia Ruiz-Esquide1, Sonia Cabrera-Villalba1, Julio Ramirez1, Andrea Cuervo1, Mariona Pascal2, Jordi Yagüe2, Juan D. Cañete1 and Raimon Sanmarti1, 1Rheumatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 2Immunology Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Meeting: 2016 ACR/ARHP Annual Meeting

Date of first publication: September 28, 2016

Keywords: biomarkers and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Disease Activity

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Session Information

Date: Sunday, November 13, 2016

Session Title: Rheumatoid Arthritis – Small Molecules, Biologics and Gene Therapy - Poster I

Session Type: ACR Poster Session A

Session Time: 9:00AM-11:00AM

Background/Purpose:  An increasing number of RA and PsA patients achieve low levels of disease activity under biological therapy. Thus, new biomarkers are needed to stratify disease activity, guiding therapeutic decisions. Calprotectin is a major S100 leucocyte protein, is associated with disease activity in this group of patients. Calprotectin is a potentially biomarker more sensitive of disease activity than conventional acute-phase proteins

Methods:  Prospective 1-year follow-up, single center study (INMUNOREMAR cohort). RA (ACR 1987) and PsA (CASPAR) patients in clinical remission (CR) (DAS28-ESR <2.6) or low disease activity (LDA) (DAS28-ESR <3.2) in ≥2 consecutive visits treated with adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETN) or infliximab (IFX) for ≥3 months were included. Demographic data, disease duration, time to initiate csDMARD and bDMARD, time to achieve remission, remission duration, autoantibody status, radiological data, concomitant csDMARD therapy, dose and duration of biological therapy were collected. Clinical and laboratory assessment was made every 4 months and at the time of flare. Calprotectin serum levels (ELISA Kit Calpro AS®) and TNFa trough serum levels (ELISA Kit Promonitor®, Progenika) were determined. Disease flare was defined as DAS28-ESR>3.2 and increase in ΔDAS28-ESR >0.6. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to identify predictors of disease flare.

Results:  103 patients (47RA, 56PsA) were included. Mean Age 57 (30–81) years. 78 (75.8%) had CR and 25 (24.2%) LDA. Mean CR/LDA duration was 58 (4–163) months. 36 patients had received treatment with ADA, 50ETN, and 17IFX. Mean biologic treatment duration 61 (7–166) months. 47.4% patients were on monotherapy, 47% on reduced dose, and 17.9% received steroids. 84 patients (91%) remained in CR/LDA for 12 months, and 12 patients (13%; 8 RA, 4 PsA) experienced flares. Patients with flares had a longer time to achieve CR/LDA [CR/LDA (n=81) 3.1 (1–6) months vs. Flare (n=12) 20 (5–31) months, p<0.001], a shorter CR/LDA duration [CR/LDA (n=81) 59 (5–163) months vs. Flare (n=12) 25 (3–134) months, p=0.031], higher calprotectin levels [CR/LDA (n=81) 1.4 (0.6–3.7) μg/mL vs. Flare (n=12) 6 (4.5–7.9) μg/mL, p<0.001], and lower drug trough serum levels at baseline [CR/LDA (n=83) 2.6 (0.6–12) μg/mL vs. Flare (n=12) 0.6 (1–1.2) μg/mL; p<0.001], even when analyzed by biologic [ADA CR/LDA (n=30) 7 (0.2–12) μg/mL vs. Flare (n=4) 0.5 (0.4–1) μg/mL; p=0.003; ETN CR/LDA (n=44) 1.5 (0.7–4.7) μg/mL vs. Flare (n=5) 0.8 (0.9–1.2)μg/mL; p=0.039; IFX CR/LDA (n=14) 3.1 (0.5–7.7) μg/mL vs. Flare (n=3) 0.1 (0–1) μg/mL; p=0.021]. Baseline TNFi trough serum levels [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.47], steroid treatment (HR=3.21), time to CR/LDA (HR=1.17), and baseline calprotectin levels (HR=2.38) significantly predicted flare in the univariate analysis. However, only baseline calprotectin levels significantly predicted flare in the multivariate analysis [HR=2.74 (1.74–4.31); p<0.0001].

Conclusion:  Calprotectin was a strong independent predictor of flare in RA and PsA patients treated with TNF inhibitors with low levels of disease activity.


Disclosure: J. Inciarte-Mundo, None; M. V. Hernández, None; V. Ruiz-Esquide, None; S. Cabrera-Villalba, None; J. Ramirez, None; A. Cuervo, None; M. Pascal, None; J. Yagüe, None; J. D. Cañete, None; R. Sanmarti, Pfizer Inc, 2.

To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Inciarte-Mundo J, Hernández MV, Ruiz-Esquide V, Cabrera-Villalba S, Ramirez J, Cuervo A, Pascal M, Yagüe J, Cañete JD, Sanmarti R. Calprotectin Serum Levels Strongly Predict Disease Flare in RA and Psa Patients with Low Disease Activity Treated with TNF Inhibitors. a One-Year Prospective Cohort Study [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016; 68 (suppl 10). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/calprotectin-serum-levels-strongly-predict-disease-flare-in-ra-and-psa-patients-with-low-disease-activity-treated-with-tnf-inhibitors-a-one-year-prospective-cohort-study/. Accessed January 17, 2021.
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