ACR Meeting Abstracts

ACR Meeting Abstracts

  • Meetings
    • ACR Convergence 2024
    • ACR Convergence 2023
    • 2023 ACR/ARP PRSYM
    • ACR Convergence 2022
    • ACR Convergence 2021
    • ACR Convergence 2020
    • 2020 ACR/ARP PRSYM
    • 2019 ACR/ARP Annual Meeting
    • 2018-2009 Meetings
    • Download Abstracts
  • Keyword Index
  • Advanced Search
  • Your Favorites
    • Favorites
    • Login
    • View and print all favorites
    • Clear all your favorites
  • ACR Meetings

Abstract Number: 0227

Associations of DMARDs with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 in Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Prospective Study

Rathnam Venkat1, Xiaosong Wang2, Naomi Patel3, Yumeko Kawano2, Abigail Schiff2, Emily Kowalski2, Claire Cook3, Kathleen Vanni2, Grace Qian2, Katarina Bade4, Alene Saavedra2, Shruthi Srivatsan3, Zachary Williams3, Zachary Wallace5 and Jeffrey Sparks6, 1Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 2Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 3Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 4Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 5Massachusetts General Hospital, Newton, MA, 6Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA

Meeting: ACR Convergence 2023

Keywords: autoimmune diseases, COVID-19, Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (Dmards)

  • Tweet
  • Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window) Email
  • Click to print (Opens in new window) Print
Session Information

Date: Sunday, November 12, 2023

Title: (0196–0228) Infection-related Rheumatic Disease Poster

Session Type: Poster Session A

Session Time: 9:00AM-11:00AM

Background/Purpose: Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC, or “long COVID”) is defined by the CDC as COVID-19 symptoms persisting for ≥28 days after infection. Patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) may be at higher risk for PASC due to their underlying disease and immunosuppressive medications. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), particularly CD20 inhibitors, have been associated with severe COVID-19, but the effect of DMARD use on PASC risk is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the association of baseline DMARD use and PASC among patients with SARDs.

Methods: We invited all SARD patients with COVID-19 within a large healthcare system to participate in a prospective study. Participants completed a survey ≥28 days after confirmed COVID-19 infection, and we analyzed surveys completed from 3/11/2021 to 5/5/2023. The survey collected data on demographics, SARD characteristics, COVID-19 vaccination status, DMARD use at COVID-19 diagnosis, and COVID-19 symptoms and disease course. We categorized DMARD classes by mechanism of action; those taking combination DMARDs were classified by hierarchy of targeted therapy. PASC was defined by any symptom associated with COVID-19 that persisted for ≥28 days. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) for PASC by DMARD class, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results: We analyzed 501 patients with SARDs and COVID-19 (mean age 52.7 years, 80.2% female), of which 208 (42%) had PASC. The most common SARD type was inflammatory arthritis (53.7%), followed by connective tissue disease (21.6%). Participants with PASC were more likely to be female (88.0% vs. 74.7%, p=0.0002), less likely to have had additional COVID-19 vaccine doses beyond the primary series (45.2% vs. 55.0%, p=0.031), and more likely to be infected with pre-Omicron variants (53.4% vs. 37.5%, p=0.0004) compared to participants without PASC. Participants with PASC were also less likely to be on TNF inhibitors (20.2% vs. 28.7%, p=0.031) and more likely to be on CD20 inhibitors (11.1% vs. 5.5%, p=0.021). Participants with PASC were more likely to have been hospitalized for COVID-19 (13.9% vs. 4.1%, p< 0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences in age, race, comorbidity count, SARD type, and other DMARD classes, when comparing those with and without PASC (Table 1). After adjusting for comorbidity count, vaccination status, SARD type, and calendar time of infection, SARD patients using CD20 inhibitors had an OR for PASC of 2.61 (95%CI 1.19-5.73) compared to those on conventional synthetic DMARDs (Table 2).

Conclusion: In this prospective study, SARD patients on CD20 inhibitors at COVID-19 onset had increased risk for PASC. This analysis extends previous studies linking CD20 inhibitors with acute COVID-19 severity and suggests vigilance is needed to prevent COVID-19 and monitor for PASC in this vulnerable population. Mechanisms linking B cell depletion with PASC risk may include persistent infection, dysregulated immune response following acute infection, and acute COVID-19 severity from impaired humoral immunity.

Supporting image 1

Table 1. Baseline characteristics at time of COVID_19 diagnosis according to PASC status among patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (n=501).

Supporting image 2

Table 2. Associations of baseline use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs with PASC risk (n=501).


Disclosures: R. Venkat: None; X. Wang: None; N. Patel: Arrivo Bio, 2, Chronius Health, 2, FVC Health, 2; Y. Kawano: None; A. Schiff: None; E. Kowalski: None; C. Cook: None; K. Vanni: None; G. Qian: None; K. Bade: None; A. Saavedra: None; S. Srivatsan: None; Z. Williams: None; Z. Wallace: BioCryst, 2, Bristol-Myers Squibb(BMS), 5, Horizon, 1, 2, 5, MedPace, 2, Novartis, 1, PPD, 2, Sanofi, 1, 5, Shionogi, 1, Visterra, 1, 2, Zenas, 1, 2; J. Sparks: AbbVie, 2, Amgen, 2, Boehringer Ingelheim, 2, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 2, 5, Gilead, 2, Inova Diagnostics, 2, Janssen, 2, Optum, 2, Pfizer, 2, ReCor, 2.

To cite this abstract in AMA style:

Venkat R, Wang X, Patel N, Kawano Y, Schiff A, Kowalski E, Cook C, Vanni K, Qian G, Bade K, Saavedra A, Srivatsan S, Williams Z, Wallace Z, Sparks J. Associations of DMARDs with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 in Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Prospective Study [abstract]. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2023; 75 (suppl 9). https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/associations-of-dmards-with-post-acute-sequelae-of-covid-19-in-patients-with-systemic-autoimmune-rheumatic-diseases-a-prospective-study/. Accessed .
  • Tweet
  • Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window) Email
  • Click to print (Opens in new window) Print

« Back to ACR Convergence 2023

ACR Meeting Abstracts - https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/associations-of-dmards-with-post-acute-sequelae-of-covid-19-in-patients-with-systemic-autoimmune-rheumatic-diseases-a-prospective-study/

Advanced Search

Your Favorites

You can save and print a list of your favorite abstracts during your browser session by clicking the “Favorite” button at the bottom of any abstract. View your favorites »

All abstracts accepted to ACR Convergence are under media embargo once the ACR has notified presenters of their abstract’s acceptance. They may be presented at other meetings or published as manuscripts after this time but should not be discussed in non-scholarly venues or outlets. The following embargo policies are strictly enforced by the ACR.

Accepted abstracts are made available to the public online in advance of the meeting and are published in a special online supplement of our scientific journal, Arthritis & Rheumatology. Information contained in those abstracts may not be released until the abstracts appear online. In an exception to the media embargo, academic institutions, private organizations, and companies with products whose value may be influenced by information contained in an abstract may issue a press release to coincide with the availability of an ACR abstract on the ACR website. However, the ACR continues to require that information that goes beyond that contained in the abstract (e.g., discussion of the abstract done as part of editorial news coverage) is under media embargo until 10:00 AM ET on November 14, 2024. Journalists with access to embargoed information cannot release articles or editorial news coverage before this time. Editorial news coverage is considered original articles/videos developed by employed journalists to report facts, commentary, and subject matter expert quotes in a narrative form using a variety of sources (e.g., research, announcements, press releases, events, etc.).

Violation of this policy may result in the abstract being withdrawn from the meeting and other measures deemed appropriate. Authors are responsible for notifying colleagues, institutions, communications firms, and all other stakeholders related to the development or promotion of the abstract about this policy. If you have questions about the ACR abstract embargo policy, please contact ACR abstracts staff at [email protected].

Wiley

  • Online Journal
  • Privacy Policy
  • Permissions Policies
  • Cookie Preferences

© Copyright 2025 American College of Rheumatology