Abstracts tagged "risk factors"

Abstract Number: 0842 • ACR Convergence 2024
The Incident Risk and Predictors of Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease (SARD) Development in Persistently Antiphospholipid Antibody Positive Patients Without SARDs: Prospective Results from the APS ACTION Clinical Database and Repository (“Registry”)
Reyhan Kose Cobanoglu¹, Rohan Willis², Diana Paredes-Ruiz³, Maria G Tektonidou⁴, Vittorio Pengo⁵, Savino Sciascia⁶, Cecilia Nalli⁷, Flavio Victor Signorelli⁸, Paul Fortin⁹, Maria Efthymiou¹⁰, H Michael Belmont¹¹, Michelle Petri¹², Ricard Cervera¹³, Megan Barber¹⁴, TATSUYA ATSUMI¹⁵, Chary Lopez-Pedrera¹⁶, Jason Knight¹⁷, David Branch¹⁸, Nina Kello¹⁹, Lanlan Ji²⁰, Esther Rodriguez-Almaraz²¹, Bahar Artim Esen²², Jose Pardos Gea²³, Rosana Quintana²⁴, Giulia Pazzola²⁵, Hui Shi²⁶, Ali Duarte-Garcia²⁷, Pierluigi Meroni²⁸, Robert Roubey²⁹, Maria Laura Bertolaccini³⁰, Hannah Cohen³¹, Danieli Andrade³² and Doruk Erkan³³, and on behalf of APS ACTION, ¹Aydin Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Hospital for Special Surgery, NY, USA, Aydin, Turkey, ²University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, ³Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain, ⁴National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, ⁵Thrombosis Research Laboratory, Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, ⁶University of Turin, Torino, Turin, Italy, ⁷ASST SPEDALI CIVILI DI BRESCIA, Brescia, Italy, ⁸Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, ⁹Centre ARThrite - CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, ¹⁰University College London, London, United Kingdom, ¹¹NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, ¹²Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Timonium, MD, ¹³Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, ¹⁴Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, ¹⁵Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, ¹⁶IMIBIC/Reina Sofia Hospital/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Andalucia, Spain, ¹⁷University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, ¹⁸University of Utah and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT, ¹⁹Northwell Health, Brooklyn, NY, ²⁰Peking University First Hospital, Peking, China (People's Republic), ²¹Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain, ²²Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey, ²³Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, ²⁴Centro Regional de Enfermedades Autoinmunes y Reumáticas (GO-CREAR), Rosario, Argentina, ²⁵Rheumatology Unit, Azienda USL IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy, ²⁶Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Shanghai, China (People's Republic), ²⁷Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ²⁸IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano 100%, Cusano Milanino, Milan, Milan, Italy, ²⁹Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, ³⁰King's College London, London, United Kingdom, ³¹University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, ³²University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil, ³³Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
Background/Purpose: APS ACTION “Registry” was created to study the natural course of disease in persistently antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-positive patients with/without other systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases…
Abstract Number: 1345 • ACR Convergence 2024
Long-term Changes in Coronary Calcium Score Levels Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Cohort Study
Cristina Corrales Selaya¹, Nuria Vegas Revenga², Carmen Secada Gómez³, Jose Antonio parra-Blanco⁴, Virginia Portilla-González⁴, Ricardo Blanco-Alonso⁵, Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Gay⁶, ivan Ferraz-Amaro⁷ and alfonso Corrales-Martínez⁸, ¹Rheumatology, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital. IDIVAL, Santander, Cantabria, Spain, ²Hospital Galdakao- Usansolo, Galdakao, Spain, ³Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain, ⁴Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Cantabria, Spain, ⁵Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. IDIVAL, Immunopathology group, Santander, Spain, ⁶University of Cantabria, Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Madrid, Madrid, Spain, ⁷Rheumatology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canarias, Spain, ⁸Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
Background/Purpose: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have an increased risk of subclinical cardiovascular (CV) disease and, consequently, a higher incidence of CV events, compared to the…
Abstract Number: 2138 • ACR Convergence 2024
DXA-derived 3D Parameters of the Hip Discriminate Prevalent Fragility Fractures in Individuals with Axial Spondyloarthritis
Edgar Wiebe¹, Elisa Schilling², Dörte Huscher², Zhivana Boydzhieva³, andriko Palmowski⁴, Sandra Hermann⁵, burkhard Muche⁵, Gerhard Krönke⁵ and FRANK HARTMUT DR. BUTTGEREIT¹, ¹Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ²Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ³Charité Universittsmedizin, Berlin, Germany, ⁴Charité - Universittsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ⁵Rheumatology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
Background/Purpose: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is associated with osteoporosis and fragility fracture risk that may not be reflected by areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measurements alone.…
Abstract Number: 2652 • ACR Convergence 2024
Characteristics of Relapse and Therapeutic Management in Giant Cell Arteritis in Modern Era, NEWTON Study
Geoffroy Peyrac¹, Natalie Lomba Goncalves¹, Aïcha Kante², Patrice Cacoub³, Karim Sacré⁴, David Saadoun⁵, Thomas Papo⁴, Jean-François Alexandra⁶, Valentin Pagis⁷, Venceslas Bourdin¹, Pascal Richette⁸, Arnaud Vanjak⁹, Augustin Latourte¹⁰, Dikélélé Elessa⁷, William Bigot¹, Ruxandra burlacu⁷, Karine Champion¹, Blanca Amador Borrero⁷, Amanda Lopes¹, Audrey Depond⁷, Peggy Reiner¹¹, Homa Adle-Biassette¹², Aude Couturier¹³, Philippe Bonnin¹⁴, Alexandre Boutigny¹⁵, Frédéric Paycha¹⁶, Anne Couvelard¹⁷, Alexis Régent¹⁸, Benjamin Chaigne¹⁹, Yann Nguyen²⁰, Agnès lefort²⁰, Olivier Bory²¹, Elisabeth Aslangul²², stephane mouly¹, Damien Sène¹, Viet-Thi Tran²³ and Cloé Comarmond¹, and Groupe d'étude français de l'artérite à cellules géantes (GEFA), ¹Department of internal medicine, Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares autoimmunes et inflammatoires, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France, ²Department of internal medicine, Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares autoimmunes et inflammatoires, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France, ³Sorbonne Université, Paris, ⁴Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ⁵Department of internal medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares autoimmunes et inflammatoires, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France, ⁶INSERM U959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, ⁷Department of internal medicine, Centre de Compétence Maladies Rares autoimmunes et inflammatoires, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ⁸Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France, ⁹Department of Rheumatoloy, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ¹⁰AP-HP, Paris, France, ¹¹Department of Neurology, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ¹²Department of Pathology, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ¹³Department of ophthalmology, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ¹⁴Department of physiology, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Ile-de-France, France, ¹⁵Department of physiology, Lariboisière Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ¹⁶Department of nuclear medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France, ¹⁷Department of Pathology, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, Paris, Ile-de-France, France, ¹⁸National Referral Center For Rare Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France, ¹⁹Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence Maladies Systémiques Autoimmunes et Autoinflammatoires Rares d'Ile de France de l’Est et de l’Ouest, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, Ile-de-France, France, ²⁰Department of Internal medicine, Beaujon Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Clichy, France, ²¹Department of internal medicine, Louis Mourier Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Colombes, France, ²²Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Louis Mourier, AP-HP, Colombes, France, ²³Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS) and Centre d'Epidémiologie Clinique, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, Ile-de-France, France
Background/Purpose: The management of giant cell arteritis (GCA) has evolved with the arrival of tocilizumab (TCZ) and the use of PET/CT. In modern era, a…
Abstract Number: 0211 • ACR Convergence 2023
COVID-19 Outcome and Association to Anti-Spike Antibody Levels in Patients on Immunosuppressive Therapy; A Prospective Cohort Study
Hilde Ørbo¹, Ingrid Jyssum¹, Joseph Sexton¹, Anne Therese Tveter¹, Ingrid Christensen¹, Kristin Hammersbøen Bjørlykke², Grete B. Kro³, Tore Kvien¹, Ludvig A. Munthe⁴, Gunnveig Grødeland⁵, Siri Mjaaland⁶, Espen Haavardsholm¹, John Torgils Vaage⁴, Kristin Kaasen Jørgensen², Sella Provan⁷, Silje Watterdal Syversen¹ and Guro Goll¹, ¹Center for Treatment of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (REMEDY), Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ²Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ³Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ⁴Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ⁵Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, ⁶Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway, ⁷Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Background/Purpose: Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on immunosuppressive therapies have attenuated vaccine responses and are prone to severe infections. Knowledge of COVID-19 outcome following…
Abstract Number: 0975 • ACR Convergence 2023
Association of HLA-DRB1 Alleles with Ischemic Events and Mortality in a Multi-ethnic Community-living Population
Manmeet Kaur¹, Ronit Katz², Michael H. Criqui¹, Maripat Corr¹, Wendy S. Post³, Matthew Budoff⁴, Gerald P. Morris⁵ and Jan Hughes-Austin⁵, ¹University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, ²University of Washington, Seattle, WA, ³Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, ⁴University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, ⁵University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
Background/Purpose: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1 alleles with specific common amino acids referred to as "the shared epitope (SE)", have been linked to cardiovascular mortality…
Abstract Number: 1604 • ACR Convergence 2023
First and Recurrent Thrombosis Risk After 4,454 Patient-Years of Follow-Up: Prospective Results from the AntiPhospholipid Syndrome Alliance for Clinical Trials and InternatiOnal Networking (APS ACTION) Clinical Database and Repository (“Registry”)
Jonathan Thaler¹, Yasaman Ahmadzadeh², Danieli Andrade³, leslie skeith⁴, Maria Tektonidou⁵, Savino Sciascia⁶, Vittorio Pengo⁷, Jose Pardos-Gea⁸, Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza⁹, Chary Lopez-Pedrera¹⁰, H Michael Belmont¹¹, Kello Nina¹², Paul R. Fortin¹³, Denis WAHL¹⁴, Maria Gerosa¹⁵, Guilherme De Jesús¹⁶, Zhuoli Zhang¹⁷, Tatsuya Atsuma¹⁸, Maria Efthymiou¹⁹, D. Ware Branch²⁰, Laura Andreoli²¹, Esther Rodriguez almaraz²², Michelle Petri²³, Giulia Pazzola²⁴, Ricard Cervera²⁵, Bahar Artim Esen²⁶, Hui Shi²⁷, Jason Knight²⁷, Guillermo Pons-Estel²⁸, Rohan Willis²⁹, Ali Duarte-Garcia³⁰, Maria Laura Bertolaccini³¹, Hannah Cohen³², Doruk Erkan¹ and On Behalf Of APS ACTION³³, ¹Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, ²Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI, ³University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, ⁴University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, ⁵Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, First Department of Propedeutic and Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, ⁶University of Turin, Torino, Italy, ⁷Department of Cardiac-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padova, Padova, Italy, ⁸Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, ⁹Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Spain, ¹⁰IMIBIC - Reina Sofia Hospital, Córdoba, Spain, ¹¹NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, ¹²Northwell Health, Brooklyn, NY, ¹³Centre ARThrite - CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada, ¹⁴University of Lorraine, Nancy, France, ¹⁵University of Milan, Milano, Italy, ¹⁶Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, ¹⁷Peking University First Hospital, Rheumatology and Immunology Department, Beijing, China, ¹⁸Hokkaido University, Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Sapporo, Japan, ¹⁹University College London, London, United Kingdom, ²⁰University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, ²¹University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, ²²Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain, ²³Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Timonium, MD, ²⁴Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria Nuova di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy, ²⁵Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, ²⁶Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Istanbul, Turkey, ²⁷University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, ²⁸CREAR, Rosario, Argentina, ²⁹University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, ³⁰Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, ³¹King's College London, London, United Kingdom, ³²University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, ³³on behalf of APS ACTION, New York, NY
Background/Purpose: The APS ACTION Registry was created to study the natural course of disease over 10 years in persistently antiphospholipid antibody (aPL)-positive patients with or…
Abstract Number: 2133 • ACR Convergence 2023
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Are Associated with Discontinuation of Advanced Therapies Due to Treatment Failure in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from the OBRI
Samar Aboulenain¹, Xiuying Li², Mohammad Movahedi³, Claire Bombardier¹ and Bindee Kuriya¹, ¹University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, ²Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, ³Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
Background/Purpose: Cardiovascular (CVD) comorbidity can impact overall RA care. We demonstrated that CVD risk factors were associated with higher disease activity and disability. Here, we…
Abstract Number: 2575 • ACR Convergence 2023
Accurate Stratification of Cancer Risk in a Real-World Cohort Using the International Guideline for Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathy-Associated Cancer Screening
Alexander Oldroyd¹, Francisca Bozan¹, Xia Lyu², Patrick Gordon³, David Isenberg⁴, Neil McHugh⁵, Harsha Gunawardena⁶, Patrick Kiely⁷, Janine Lamb¹, Pedro Machado⁸, James Miller⁹, Sarah Tansley⁵ and Hector Chinoy¹⁰, ¹University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, ²Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, ³NHS, London, United Kingdom, ⁴University College London, London, United Kingdom, ⁵University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom, ⁶North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom, ⁷St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, ⁸Centre for Rheumatology & Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London, London, UK. Department of Rheumatology, Northwick Park Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS trust, London, UK., London, United Kingdom, ⁹Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom, ¹⁰The University of Manchester, Sale, United Kingdom
Background/Purpose: Adult-onset idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is associated with an increased cancer risk within three years prior to or following IIM onset. The International Guideline…
Abstract Number: 0224 • ACR Convergence 2023
Risk Factors and Outcomes for Repeat COVID-19 Infection Among Patients with Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases: A Case-control Study
Emily Kowalski¹, Xiaosong Wang¹, Naomi Patel², Yumeko Kawano¹, Claire Cook², Kathleen Vanni¹, Grace Qian¹, Katarina Bade³, Shruthi Srivatsan², Zachary Williams², Zachary Wallace⁴ and Jeffrey Sparks⁵, ¹Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, ²Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, ³Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, ⁴Massachusetts General Hospital, Newton, MA, ⁵Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
Background/Purpose: As initial COVID-19 infections become nearly ubiquitous and the available prevention and treatment strategies evolve, patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) may be…
Abstract Number: 0984 • ACR Convergence 2023
Factors Associated with 5-year Mortality in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Initiating Their First Biological or Target Synthetic DMARDs: A Nationwide, Population-based Cohort Study of 12,612 Patients
Hsin-Hua Chen, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
Background/Purpose: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease resulting in increased mortality. manifestations. involvement. The National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan…
Abstract Number: 1653 • ACR Convergence 2023
Up or Down: Does Direction of Stair Climbing Difficulty Matter for Incident Functional Limitation and Knee Replacement in Knee Osteoarthritis?
Jason Jakiela¹, Thomas Bye¹, Sydney Liles² and Daniel White¹, ¹University of Delaware, Newark, DE, ²University of Delaware, Elkton, MD
Background/Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of functional limitation (FL) in older adults, with difficulty climbing stairs often the first-reported limitation. Overall increased…
Abstract Number: 2220 • ACR Convergence 2023
Factors Associated with Achieving Remission in Patients with Early Peripheral Spondyloarthritis: 10-Year Results from the German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort
Murat Torgutalp¹, Xu Peng¹, Fabian Proft², Valeria Rios Rodriguez¹, Judith Rademacher¹, Mikhail Protopopov¹, Hildrun Haibel¹, Martin Rudwaleit³, Joachim Sieper¹ and Denis Poddubnyy⁴, ¹Charité Universitatsmedizine - Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ²Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology (including Nutrition Medicine), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ³University of Bielefeld, Klinikum Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Background/Purpose: Depending on leading manifestation, Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is classified as axial (axSpA) or peripheral SpA (pSpA). Achieving of remission/inactive disease is key goal in treatment…
Abstract Number: 2583 • ACR Convergence 2023
A Predictive Model for Progression to Clinical Arthritis Based on Lymphocyte Subsets and ACPA in At-risk Individuals with Arthralgia
Klára Prajzlerová¹, Olga Kryštůfková², Nikola Kaspříková³, Nora Růžičková², Hana Hulejová¹, Petra Hánová¹, Jiri Vencovsky⁴, Ladislav Senolt⁵ and Maria Filkova², ¹Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic, ²Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, ³Faculty of Informatics and Statistics, Prague University of Economics and Business, Prague, Czech Republic, ⁴Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic, Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic, ⁵Institute of Rheumatology and Department of Rheumatology, First Faculty of Medicine, Praha, Czech Republic
Background/Purpose: The positivity of antibodies against citrullinated proteins (ACPA) substantially increases the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The definition of individuals with arthralgia at…
Abstract Number: 0228 • ACR Convergence 2023
A Comprehensive Retrospective Analysis of Polymyalgia Rheumatica in Long COVID Patients at an Academic Medical Center in the Midwest
Hanan Ibrahim¹ and Alireza Meysami², ¹Henry Ford Health System (HFHS), Detroit, MI, ²Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI
Background/Purpose: Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory disorder that predominantly affects older adults. Incidence peaks at 70-80 years old [1] and is more common in…

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